Construction
For the first time, the idea of building a shipping canal connecting the Pripyat and Bug basins was voiced at the Sejm in 1655 by the Crown Chancellor of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Jerzy Ossolinski. Active supporters of the canal were Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Mikhail Kazimir Oginsky and Pinsk judge and swordsman Mateusz Butrimovich.
Work on the construction of the canal began in 1775 during the reign of the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. To feed the canal, the Beloozerskaya and Orekhovskaya water supply systems were built. In the spring of 1784, on the initiative of Mateusz Butrymowicz, ships loaded with smoked fish, honey, wax and other local goods first sailed along the canal from Pinsk to Warsaw and further to Gdansk. In September of the same year, the construction of the canal was visited by the king, who officially opened navigation on the canal, sailing through it with a retinue of 40 people on a ship hollowed out from a single oak trunk. The king spent four days in the town of Gorodets near Kobrin - from then on the canal became known only as the Royal. In 1786, in honor of the king’s financial assistance for the construction of the canal, a special medal was cast (medalist I. F. Goltsgauser). The maintenance of the channel cost 100 thousand zlotys, but only 60 thousand were allocated from the state treasury.
At the end of the century, the general crisis of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth actually ruined the construction of the canal, which was resumed only in 1837 by the Russian authorities. The main work was carried out between 1848 and 1848. (Dismountable) wooden dams were built, which made it possible to maintain the water level necessary for stable navigation at any time of navigation. In total, by 1867, 22 dams were built and operated from Pinsk to Brest. The width along the bottom of the track was increased to 14 m, and the maximum draft of the ships was 70 cm.
Usage
In 1919, the canal territory became part of the second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Polish authorities, realizing the importance of the canal, began its systematic reconstruction. Between 1939 and 1939, the two locks closest to Pinsk (Duboi and Pererub) were built, the Beloozersk ATP structures were reconstructed, and a 7-kilometer canal was built along the new Kobrin-Vygoda highway.
The canal was part of the rear zone of the Polish River (Pinsk) military flotilla, which consisted of 6 river monitors, 3 river gunboats and 19 armored boats. These ships were transferred to Pinsk via the Dnieper-Bug Canal. During the operation to annex Western Belarus to the USSR, the Polish flotilla attempted to retreat along the canal, but due to the premature explosion of the lock, it was unable to escape to the Bug and was flooded. In 1940, most of these ships were raised, repaired and included in the Soviet Pinsk military flotilla, into whose operational zone the canal was transferred.
The Soviet government gave the channel an even greater role. The restoration of the Dnieper-Bug waterway was entrusted to the People's Commissariat of the USSR River Fleet. In 7 months (from December to July 1940), the design and main construction of eight waterworks was carried out, and a new route for the Vygoda-Kobrin canal was laid, reducing the length of the waterway by 12 km. In August 1940, navigation through the canal was resumed.
In June 1941, the canal was captured by Wehrmacht units. The active use of the channel by the occupation authorities began. Thus, according to the Main Directorate of the Red Army, in 1942, 200 thousand tons of cargo were transported through the canal. However, in the spring of 1943, partisans blew up the locks and thus the canal was put out of action.
During Soviet times, the development of the canal did not stop. Due to the increase in traffic and the operation of larger ships in the period from 1956 to 1956, the lock section of the canal was extended by 50 km. Reinforced concrete waterworks No. 11 “Kachanovichi” in the Pinsk region and No. 12 “Stahovo” in the Stolin region were built on it. In 1976, work began on a major improvement in the dimensions of the canal bed (bottom width - 40 m, depth - 240 cm, radius of curvature - 400 m). Between 1991 and 1991, 17.58 million m³ of soil was excavated and 244 km of waterway was reconstructed. During the period from 1992 to 1992, instead of 7 wooden culvert dams, 8 reinforced concrete culverts were built.
Current state
According to the European Agreement on Important Inland Waterways of International Importance of January 19, 1996, the canal is part of the main Dnieper-Vistula waterway E-40(Gdansk - Warsaw - Brest - Pinsk - Mozyr - Kyiv - Kherson). With the help of the canal, a water connection between the Baltic and Black Sea basins is theoretically possible. However, through navigation along this waterway is not yet possible due to the fact that the section from Brest to Warsaw along the Western Bug River is not navigable, and also due to the fact that the Mukhavets River is blocked in Brest by a blind dam. The passage of river vessels sold by Belarus to Poland in recent years was carried out according to a temporary scheme: artificial lock channels-chambers were dug in the waters of the Brest river port, ships were launched into it, the passage was filled up behind them, and an earthen bridge was opened in front - and the ships went out onto the water.
Technical structures
Shipping locks
- No. 11 “Kachanovichi”, Pinsk district
- No. 12 “Stahovo”, Stolin district, eastern slope
- No. 1 “Duboi” Pinsk district
- "Overcut"
- "Ragodosch"
- "Ovzichi"
- "Lyakhovichi" Drogichinsky district western slope
- No. 6 “Kobrin”, Kobrin (height difference 5.4 m)
- No. 8 “Zaluzye” Zhabinkovsky district
- No. 9 “Novosady”
- No. 10 “Trishin”, Brest (height difference 1.4 m)
Water supply systems
- Beloozerskaya VPS
- Orekhovskaya VPS
- Tours VPS
see also
Notes
- History of the enterprise RUESP "Dnieper-Bug Waterway" (undefined) (unavailable link). Retrieved November 3, 2009.
Dnieper-Bug Canal(formerly the Royal Canal) is a shipping canal on the territory of Polesie, built between 1775 and 1783. Connects the rivers Pina (tributary of the Pripyat; Dnieper basin) and Mukhavets (tributary of the Western Bug; Vistula basin). Total length 244 km.
For the first time, the idea of building a shipping canal connecting the Pripyat and Bug basins was first voiced at the Sejm in 1655 by the Crown Chancellor of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Yuri Ossolinsky.
Work on the construction of the canal began in 1775 during the reign of the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. In the spring of 1784, on the initiative of Mateusz Butrymowicz, ships loaded with smoked fish, honey, wax and other local goods first sailed along the canal from Pinsk to Warsaw and further to Gdansk. In September of the same year, the construction of the canal was visited by the king, who officially opened navigation on the canal, sailing through it with a retinue of 40 people on a ship hollowed out from a single oak trunk. The king spent four days in the town of Gorodets near Kobrin - from then on the canal became known only as the Royal.
At the end of the century, the general crisis of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth actually ruined the construction of the canal, which was resumed only in 1837 by the Russian authorities. The main work was carried out in the period from 1846 to 1848. The width along the bottom of the track was increased to 14 m, and the maximum draft of the vessels was 70 cm.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the canal was of strategic importance for the Russian Empire, as it was the only shipping canal - an inland waterway connecting the Baltic and Black Seas. In particular, in 1886 and 1890. Five destroyers with a displacement of 89 to 164 tons, one of the first in the Black Sea Fleet, were transferred along it from the place of construction in Elbing to Sevastopol, towed by a wheeled steamer and by the forces of barge haulers.
In 1919, the canal territory became part of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Polish authorities, realizing the importance of the canal, began its systematic reconstruction. In the period from 1929 to 1939, the two locks closest to Pinsk (Duboi and Pererub) were built.
During the operation to annex Western Belarus to the USSR, the canal became located on the territory of the USSR. The Soviet government gave the channel an even greater role. The restoration of the Dnieper-Bug waterway was entrusted to the People's Commissariat of the River Fleet of the USSR. In 7 months (from December 1939 to July 1940), the design and main construction of eight waterworks was carried out, and a new route for the Vygoda-Kobrin canal was laid, reducing the length of the waterway by 12 km. In August 1940, navigation through the canal was resumed.
In June 1941, the canal was captured by Wehrmacht units. The active use of the channel by the occupation authorities began. Thus, according to the Main Directorate of the Red Army, in 1942, 200 thousand tons of cargo were transported through the canal. However, in the spring of 1943, partisans blew up the locks and thus the canal was put out of action.
After the liberation of Belarus, active restoration of the canal began. Major repair work took place between September 1944 and July 1945. Already in 1945, shipping was restored.
According to the European Agreement on the Most Important Inland Waterways of International Importance of January 19, 1996, the canal is part of the main Dnieper-Vistula waterway E-40 (Gdansk - Warsaw - Brest - Pinsk - Mozyr - Kiev - Kherson). With the help of the canal, a water connection between the Baltic and Black Sea basins is theoretically possible. However, through navigation along this waterway is not yet possible due to the fact that the section from Brest to Warsaw along the Western Bug River is not navigable, and also due to the fact that the Mukhavets River is blocked in Brest by a blind dam.
The Dnieper-Bug Canal (formerly the Royal Canal) is a shipping canal in Polesie, built between 1775 and 1783. Connects the rivers Pina (tributary of the Pripyat; Dnieper basin) and Mukhavets (tributary of the Western Bug; Vistula basin). Total length 244 km.
For the first time, the idea of building a shipping canal connecting the Pripyat and Bug basins was first voiced at the Sejm in 1655 by the Crown Chancellor of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Yuri Ossolinsky.
Work on the construction of the canal began in 1775 during the reign of the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. In the spring of 1784, on the initiative of Mateusz Butrymowicz, ships loaded with smoked fish, honey, wax and other local goods first sailed along the canal from Pinsk to Warsaw and further to Gdansk. In September of the same year, the construction of the canal was visited by the king, who officially opened navigation on the canal, sailing through it with a retinue of 40 people on a ship hollowed out from a single oak trunk. The king spent four days in the town of Gorodets near Kobrin - from then on the canal became known only as the Royal.
At the end of the century, the general crisis of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth actually ruined the construction of the canal, which was resumed only in 1837 by the Russian authorities. The main work was carried out in the period from 1846 to 1848. The width along the bottom of the track was increased to 14 m, and the maximum draft of the vessels was 70 cm.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the canal was of strategic importance for the Russian Empire, as it was the only shipping canal - an inland waterway connecting the Baltic and Black Seas. In particular, in 1886 and 1890. Five destroyers with a displacement of 89 to 164 tons, one of the first in the Black Sea Fleet, were transferred along it from the place of construction in Elbing to Sevastopol, towed by a wheeled steamer and by the forces of barge haulers.
In 1919, the canal territory became part of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Polish authorities, realizing the importance of the canal, began its systematic reconstruction. In the period from 1929 to 1939, the two locks closest to Pinsk (Duboi and Pererub) were built.
During the operation to annex Western Belarus to the USSR, the canal became located on the territory of the USSR. The Soviet government gave the channel an even greater role. The restoration of the Dnieper-Bug waterway was entrusted to the People's Commissariat of the River Fleet of the USSR. In 7 months (from December 1939 to July 1940), the design and main construction of eight waterworks was carried out, and a new route for the Vygoda-Kobrin canal was laid, reducing the length of the waterway by 12 km. In August 1940, navigation through the canal was resumed.
In June 1941, the canal was captured by Wehrmacht units. The active use of the channel by the occupation authorities began. Thus, according to the Main Directorate of the Red Army, in 1942, 200 thousand tons of cargo were transported through the canal. However, in the spring of 1943, partisans blew up the locks and thus the canal was put out of action.
After the liberation of Belarus, active restoration of the canal began. Major repair work took place between September 1944 and July 1945.
Already in 1945, shipping was restored.
According to the European Agreement on the Most Important Inland Waterways of International Importance of January 19, 1996, the canal is part of the main Dnieper-Vistula waterway E-40 (Gdansk - Warsaw - Brest - Pinsk - Mozyr - Kiev - Kherson). With the help of the canal, a water connection between the Baltic and Black Sea basins is theoretically possible. However, through navigation along this waterway is not yet possible due to the fact that the section from Brest to Warsaw along the Western Bug River is not navigable, and also due to the fact that the Mukhavets River is blocked in Brest by a blind dam.
The canal is currently under repair and reconstruction. The canal's waterworks are gradually being repaired and brought up to modern requirements. Since the 90s, at the expense of our own funds and budget funding, culvert structures have been reconstructed and built: dam of hydroelectric complex No. 10 “Trishin”,
Dam No. 9 “Novosady”,
Water outlet of waterworks No. 6 "Kobrin" (Waterworks "Kobrin" is the largest in Belarus, the water drop is 5.4 meters. Previously, the sluicing process took more than an hour, now it takes about 15 minutes.
Also, on the basis of the hydroelectric complex, a mini-hydroelectric power station with two turbines was built, which has generated more than 230,000 kWh since its launch.)
The Vygoda dam and the Vetly spillway, which made it possible to solve the problem of flood passage along the Dnieper-Bug waterway. Constant work with culverts provides a beneficial hydraulic level regime on a regulated section of the waterway. The constant intake of flood waters from adjacent lands, including from Ukraine through the Beloozersk UPS by the Dnieper-Bug waterway, which is the main water intake, and their removal are ensured, thereby preventing the flooding of large areas of Polesie. During the low-water period, maintaining constant design levels ensures the standing groundwater and creates ideal conditions for the vegetation of plants in adjacent lands.
In 1997, the government of the Republic of Belarus adopted a program for the development of river and sea transportation until 2010 and the reconstruction of hydraulic structures of the Dnieper-Bug Canal. In 1998, the reconstruction of waterworks No. 9 “Novosady” began
When designing and constructing the lock, the requirements of the European standard for inland waterways class Va were taken into account. The dock design of the lock was used, which made it possible to reduce the volume of the drain prism of the lock chamber from 4750 m3 to 3658 m3. As a result, the volume of water for sluicing has decreased. During the reconstruction of the lock, the depth of the threshold was increased from 1.8 m to 2.4 m, which made it possible to increase the draft of the locking trains. The length of the sluice chamber increased from 89 to 120 m, and the width from 11.2 m to 12.7 m. The use of new designs of sluice head gates and a reduction in the volume of the drain prism made it possible to reduce the time for filling and emptying the sluice chamber from 16 to 6.5 minutes. The short-lived wooden gateway structures were replaced with concrete and reinforced concrete. The mechanical drive of the gateway has been replaced with a hydraulic one. The gateway was accepted and put into operation in October 2003.
In 2004, the reconstruction of waterworks complex No. 1 “Duboi” began, which ended in 2006. Mini-hydroelectric power stations have been put into operation at the Duboy and Kobrin hydroelectric complexes - now the canal provides itself with electricity. The Mukhovets embankment in Kobrin and Pina embankment in Pinsk have been reconstructed. A memorial sign was installed at the watershed pool, at the confluence of the Beloozersky Canal with the Dnieper-Bug.
Today, the Dnieper-Bug waterway is not only a navigable artery connecting the basins of two seas. Over a period of more than two hundred years, it has acquired strategic importance and has become a guarantor of environmental safety of the entire Polesie region as a whole. Adjacent cities, collective farms, pioneer camps, sanatoriums and fish farms connect their livelihoods with it. It opens up wide opportunities for the development of tourism along the line between the Republic of Poland and the Republic of Belarus - Ukraine with visits to such historical places as the hero-fortress of Brest, the ancient cities of Belarusian Polesie Pinsk, Turov, the capital of Ancient Rus' Kyiv, as well as visits to preserved places of pristine nature of Polesie nature reserves "Pripyatsky" and "Zvanets".
The Dnieper-Bug Canal (formerly the Royal Canal) is a shipping canal in Polesie, built between 1775 and 1783. Connects the rivers Pina (tributary of the Pripyat; Dnieper basin) and Mukhavets (tributary of the Western Bug; Vistula basin). Total length 244 km.
For the first time, the idea of building a shipping canal connecting the Pripyat and Bug basins was first voiced at the Sejm in 1655 by the Crown Chancellor of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Yuri Ossolinsky.
Work on the construction of the canal began in 1775 during the reign of the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. In the spring of 1784, on the initiative of Mateusz Butrymowicz, ships loaded with smoked fish, honey, wax and other local goods first sailed along the canal from Pinsk to Warsaw and further to Gdansk. In September of the same year, the construction of the canal was visited by the king, who officially opened navigation on the canal, sailing through it with a retinue of 40 people on a ship hollowed out from a single oak trunk. The king spent four days in the town of Gorodets near Kobrin - from then on the canal became known only as the Royal.
At the end of the century, the general crisis of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth actually ruined the construction of the canal, which was resumed only in 1837 by the Russian authorities. The main work was carried out in the period from 1846 to 1848. The width along the bottom of the track was increased to 14 m, and the maximum draft of the vessels was 70 cm.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the canal was of strategic importance for the Russian Empire, as it was the only shipping canal - an inland waterway connecting the Baltic and Black Seas. In particular, in 1886 and 1890. Five destroyers with a displacement of 89 to 164 tons, one of the first in the Black Sea Fleet, were transferred along it from the place of construction in Elbing to Sevastopol, towed by a wheeled steamer and by the forces of barge haulers.
In 1919, the canal territory became part of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Polish authorities, realizing the importance of the canal, began its systematic reconstruction. In the period from 1929 to 1939, the two locks closest to Pinsk (Duboi and Pererub) were built.
During the operation to annex Western Belarus to the USSR, the canal became located on the territory of the USSR. The Soviet government gave the channel an even greater role. The restoration of the Dnieper-Bug waterway was entrusted to the People's Commissariat of the River Fleet of the USSR. In 7 months (from December 1939 to July 1940), the design and main construction of eight waterworks was carried out, and a new route for the Vygoda-Kobrin canal was laid, reducing the length of the waterway by 12 km. In August 1940, navigation through the canal was resumed.
In June 1941, the canal was captured by Wehrmacht units. The active use of the channel by the occupation authorities began. Thus, according to the Main Directorate of the Red Army, in 1942, 200 thousand tons of cargo were transported through the canal. However, in the spring of 1943, partisans blew up the locks and thus the canal was put out of action.
After the liberation of Belarus, active restoration of the canal began. Major repair work took place between September 1944 and July 1945. Already in 1945, shipping was restored.
According to the European Agreement on the Most Important Inland Waterways of International Importance of January 19, 1996, the canal is part of the main Dnieper-Vistula waterway E-40 (Gdansk - Warsaw - Brest - Pinsk - Mozyr - Kiev - Kherson). With the help of the canal, a water connection between the Baltic and Black Sea basins is theoretically possible. However, through navigation along this waterway is not yet possible due to the fact that the section from Brest to Warsaw along the Western Bug River is not navigable, and also due to the fact that the Mukhavets River is blocked in Brest by a blind dam.
“Fishing, in any case, is a waste of money. If my little lady knew about some of the expenses... she would kill for a mistress. Although fishing, she is a mistress.” (From conversations). The Dnieper - Bug Canal was created at the end of the 18th century over a period of eight years for the purpose of navigation. This waterway between the Pina River tributary and the Western Bug tributary Mukhavets brought river waters, and with them fish wealth, to many Polesie villages.
The Dnieper - Bug Canal is represented by the following fish species, like perch, pike, white bream, rudd, roach, silver bream, pike perch, asp and catfish.
in spring
It’s a good idea to go early in the morning to the area around the village of Selishchi to catch white fish. There is no overgrown bottom, a flat plateau followed by a gradual decline. Fishing places at a depth of 2 meters. With plug and 3 gr. With a flat float, after a simple but weighted bream bait (casting and then a more accurate presentation on the cup), commercial-sized roach, silver bream, is caught. For undergrowth you need a float twice as heavy. You can try bait made from worms and maggots. When the leash reaches the bottom at the feeding site, all that remains is to wait. The reward could be a few good breams.
In summer
The canal was not created by nature, but its water element also gives incomparable impressions to those who love fishing. Near the dam near Lyakhovichi, although the fast current muddies the water and carries all kinds of plant debris, the regulars who have chosen this place do not change their hope for a good catch. And even if in the end it’s only roach, the fisherman thanks for the fact that it’s not small. And near Ivanovo in June there is a perch feast. They rush at the foam balls in flocks. And in the village of Belin, from early morning the bites for maggots are just as continuous. Among the baits, pearl barley with maggot, corn, and millet are the most popular, but the worm is not held in high esteem. 
in autumn
There are almost no differences in the choice of places and gear on the canal in August and September. Near the village of Yamnik, just before the pass, you can expect a pike bite from shallow water to deep water. The usual tackle for predators is vibrating tails and spoons. You can also try your luck with pike near the village of Selishchi, in those places where the grassy thickets end. When feeding white fish, experts advise adding breadcrumbs and crushed flaxseed to the selected ready-made mixtures. White breams and roaches are the main catch in places like the village of Zarechka, at the mouth of the Lyakhochesky Canal.
in winter
At the junction of two fishing seasons, the last fishing in completely open water takes place. On the canal and in the dead of winter, the ice is strong only where there is no fast current. So they go fishing with both summer and winter gear. Float rods with live bait - roach or other small fish - raise pike near the Lyakhovichi waterworks. Here they also try to fish with mugs, although the wind often blows them away. The first month of ice fishing at the Radgoszcz lock brings perch and rudd (on the balance). And in the Drogochinsky region you can try fishing with the expectation of a good perch. In February, near the village of Pererub, on the sluice they catch perch with bloodworms, and on Ragodoschi they go for bream. And in the Ivanovo region in February the canal is completely covered in ice, if there was no thaw.
